In Nairobi, adverse climate change effects manifest in water scarcity, degraded urban agriculture, and a burgeoning urban population that requires various social amenities such as housing and schools. The growth of informal settlements threatens various biodiversity hubs by encroachment, pollution, and land-use and land-use changes. Incorporating nature-based solutions (NbS) can empower the various actors in this city to increase their climate resilience.

In response to climate change related drought, flooding and water quality risks, NbS have been employed as part of the Kibera Public Space project, which transformed a neglected dumping ground into a vibrant public space using a series of nature-based interventions such as rain gardens and permeable paving integrated with grey infrastructure. It is being implemented by Nairobi City County, UN-Habitat, private sector and community groups. In fact, community groups were pivotal in bringing the desired change.

Further opportunities can be found in the afforestation of the Karura forest, an urban forest in Nairobi, where indigenous trees provide potential for reducing extreme heat in the city while providing green recreational spaces and connections to nature.